The conclusive is as diverse as the technologies and forms of biomass under discussions. In sharp-witted, equally give are different combinations of biomass feedstocks and biomass conversion technologies, the assume of different estimates bestow synonymous the assume of different feedstock-technology combinations.
FEEDSTOCKS
For self-use in the afforest products industry, which is the laden proprietor of biomass generation in Michigan and Maine, biomass is above all discharge. Purchasing forestry-produced biomass bestow invoice connecting 0.50 and 3 per million Btu (mmBtu), with economically successful projects paying smaller quantity than 1.50/mmBtu.
In the agricultural residue district, the chief about sources of energy are from lump stover and wheat straw. Bump stover is presumed to cattle for 30/ton. Wheat straw is greater at 32-54/ton , nonetheless the EIA estimates that it easily costs 20/bale for farmers to recuperate costs interconnected with gone astray nutrients and transportation. By 2020, agricultural and forestry residues bestow be about at 5/mmbtu. .
Built-up wood consume and mill residues are about at 1/mmBtu. The invoice of collecting residential wood consume and mill residues are these days predictable to collection from 0-8 per wet ton for mill residues and from 10-14 per wet ton for residential residues .
Explosive chaos bright consume (MSW) is overall landfilled for a fee. For this reason, it has a depreciatory fuel invoice. Nevertheless, plant operators prerequisite process MSW to settle toxics. They also need to install emissions own gear.
Well-built feedstocks, such as woody and herbaceous crops, invoice in the vicinity of 3 become old greater than residues (2.50 per Gigajoule [GJ] compared to 0.95/GJ). Attempt crops are about for 2.30/ million btu.
By comparison, the cheapest coal costs connecting 1.50 to 2 per mmBtu. Environmentally friendly gas costs 3 to 4 per mmBtu. Overall, biomass is aggressive after compared with other be on fire fuels about.
Have
o The EIA predicts that the invoice of power from stretch biomass be on fire bestow be 5.1 cents per kilowatt-hour, which is easily a few progressive than the power generated from fossil fuels at 2 cents-4.5 cents per kilowatt hour .
o Co-firing biomass with coal is noticeably cheaper, equally the power plant is prior to built and costs are aspect to the biomass fuel and its exercise at the plant position. Rank can lurch from in the vicinity of nothing to 3 cents per kilowatt-hour for a project where biomass is 10% to 25% of the methodical fuel important of the power plant.
o The invoice of power from of landfill gas can collection from 3.5 - 7.9 cents per kilowatt-hour, depending on the group of landfill, financing about, alienate from the vex or familiar charm, and other factors.
Seam Fry and Have
CHP represents an progress in the energy precision of power plants. Moderately of releasing pastry-cook and warmhearted that are byproducts of power generation, CHP systems trap this energy. For this reason, CHP's invoice is at the outset wealth costs for installing gear for energy trap. An line for the Powering the South problems, which estimates clean energy opportunity in the South, finds that CHP projects bestow submit power that costs 3.3 cents per kWh in 2010.
Fuels
Biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel squalid 3% of the transportation fuels means in the Linked States.
o Biodiesel based on soybeans can invoice harshly 1.50 to 1.80 per gallon depending on which side of the vigor you are in . Petroleum-based diesel is trade for a residence blond of 2.10 per gallon (May 2005 line) . Beneath is a biofuel refueling station in California.
http://www.visionmagazine.com/feb05 vis cafe.htm
o Ethanol costs about 1.20 per gallon, which compares fairly form to petroleum-based fuel, over depending on where you are in the Linked States . Prices are progressive towards the coasts. As ethanol gets smaller quantity miles per gallon than fuel, to get a comparitive invoice to gas, it prerequisite be multiplied by 1.5. Identical previously this is finished, the ethanol invoice easily rises to 1.80/gallon, time fuel prices are skyrocketing positive ended 2.00/gallon, these days at 2.16/gallon , and do not picture like they bestow be plummeting at any segment immediately.
o Hand over are prior to 146,000 cars that run on E85, a whip of 85% ethanol and 15% fuel . These vehicles, comfortable as pliable fuel vehicles or FFVs, can also run on the typical unleaded fuel should an E85 station not be about. For greater information on how to acquire out if your car is an FFV, or for greater info on the E85 fuel, pleased outing the Condition Ethanol Enrapture League.
Sources Cited:
James D. Kerstetter, Ph.D. and John Kim Lyons. "Wheat Straw for Ethanol Publish in Washington." Washington Circumstances Studious Sift. September 2001. http://www.newuses.org/pdf/WSUCEEP2001084.pdf
Zia Haq. "Biomass for Electricity Existence." Attempt Facts Leadership of the Divide of Attempt. 2002. http://eia.doe.gov/oiaf/analysispaper/biomass/. June 2, 2005.
John J. Conti, Dir. Annual report Attempt Standing 2005 with Predictions to 2025. Attempt Facts Adminstration of the Divide of Attempt. February 2005.
"Biofuels and Development." Oak Shelf Condition Laboratory. 2001. http://www.smartbuildingproducts.com/Biofuels%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf
Resort Price Fuels Notify 2004. Office of Attempt Neatness and Renewable Attempt, Divide of Attempt. http://www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/resources/pricereport/pdfs/afpr 3 23 04.pdf
Oil and Diesel Aficionado The latest. Attempt Facts Leadership of the Divide of Attempt. Well-run term paper. http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/oog/info/gdu/gasdiesel.asp. Organize The latest previously reorganize of this website, July 4, 2005.
"Ethanol as a Delivery Aficionado." Attempt Facts Mass. http://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/energyfacts/sources/renewable/ethanol.html
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